The role of product architecture in the manufacturing firm

Karl T. Ulrich

Research Policyco-citation neighborhood Posted 1995 · 32 years on the record

Quality on the academic Ledger

QaL

calibration-pending

Observed standing is 77.84th percentile in field & vintage. A calibrated QaL forecast is shown once this community passes the Layer-B back-test.

Reference class: co-citation neighborhood
184 papers it travels with · official headline

The NSF-bucket probability forecast appears for papers in a calibrated community.

Evidence behind the estimate — pulled from OpenAlex

2,856

Citations (total)

77.84%

Observed percentile (co-citation neighborhood)

Open

Access

None

Retractions / corrections

32 yr

Age since posting

Business, Management and Accounting

Detected field (OpenAlex)

Read & cite — the Ledger points to the record; it does not host it

Read at source ↗DOI 10.1016/0048-7333(94)00775-3 ↗OpenAlex record ↗Google Scholar ↗Cited by (2,856) ↗

Status: indexed and QaL-estimated. Refereed and Canon tiers, endorsements, and discussion require the community layer and are not part of this MVP.